The concept of Internet of Things and its importance in today’s world
The Internet of Things, or IoT, is an interconnected system of computer equipment, mechanical and digital machines, objects, animals, or people identified by unique identifiers (UIDs) and capable of transmitting data over a network without the need for human-to-human or human interaction. They have a computer.
An object in the Internet of Things can be a human with a heart monitoring device installed in his body; Or an animal with a biological transponder, or a car with built-in sensors that alert the driver of low tire pressure, or any other natural or man-made object that can transmit data over a network by assigning an IP address.
Today, organizations in various industries and businesses increasingly use the capabilities of the Internet of Things to operate more efficiently and effectively; By benefiting from the achievements of the Internet of Things, they gain a better and more competent understanding of their customers and can provide them with more optimal services. The Internet of Things improves the decision-making process in the organization and increases the business value significantly.
History of Internet of Things
The origin of the term “Internet of Things”
Kevin Ashton, one of the founders of the Auto-ID Center at MIT in the United States, was the first to coin the term “Internet of Things” in a presentation to Procter & Gamble (P&G), a multinational consumer goods company. In Ohio State – used in 1999. Ashton called his presentation “The Internet of Things” in order to inform P&G senior executives about the radio frequency identification (RFID) system. Ashton wanted to use the new technology trend in his message on the threshold of the new century.This revolutionary process was nothing but the Internet. On the other hand, Neil Gershenfeld, a professor at MIT University, published a book titled “When Things Start Thinking” this year. Although Gershenfeld did not use the exact term “Internet of Things” in his book; It provided a clear picture of the future path of IoT.
The Internet of Things has evolved from the convergence of wireless technologies, microelectromechanical systems (MEMS), microservices, and the Internet. This convergence has helped to eliminate the gap between operational technology (OT) and information technology (IT) and has provided the possibility of analyzing unstructured data generated by the machine to obtain the desired insight to improve and improve the existing situation.
Ashton was the first person to express the term Internet of Things; But the idea of connected devices has been around since the 1970s, under the titles of “Embedded Internet” and Pervasive Computing.
The formation platform of the Internet of Things
The first Internet object or device was a soda machine at Carnegie Mellon University in the United States in the early 1980s. Back then, using the web, programmers could remotely check the device’s status and monitor its performance.
The Internet of Things or IoT evolved from machine-to-machine (M2M) communications, that is, machines connected to each other through a network without human interaction. M2M refers to connecting a device to the cloud, managing it, and collecting data.
The Internet of Things has brought machine-to-machine communication to a higher level, providing a sensor network consisting of billions of smart devices. It connects people, systems, and applications to collect and share data. In other words, M2M, as the basis of this process, provides communication that guarantees the implementation of the Internet of Things.
The Internet of Things is also a natural extension of SCADA (supervisory and data acquisition system or SCADA); SCADA is a class of process control software applications used to collect real-time data from remote locations to monitor equipment and conditions.SCADA systems include hardware and software components. The hardware collects the data and transmits it to a computer running the SCADA software. This data is then processed and presented at the appropriate time. It can be said that following the evolution of SCADA, the latest generation of SCADA systems have gradually become the first generation of IoT systems and have provided a platform for the growth and development of these systems.
However, the concept of the IoT ecosystem did not materialize until mid-2010. It was in this year that the Chinese government announced that the Internet of Things will be the strategic priority of its five-year plan and will give an objective and real face to the concept of the Internet of Things ecosystem.
How does the Internet of Things work?
The IoT ecosystem is a collection of web-based smart devices that collect, send, and act on data received from the environment using embedded processors, sensors, and communication hardware. The data collected by the sensors is sent to the cloud for analysis by connecting to an IoT port or edge device or is analyzed locally.
Sometimes, these devices communicate with other related devices and act based on the information they receive from each other. These devices do most of the work without human intervention. Of course, people can interact with devices; For example, they can adjust them; Give them instructions or access data.
It should be noted that the connectivity, network, and communication protocols used with these web-based devices are largely dependent on the specific IoT applications.
What are the advantages of the Internet of Things?
The Internet of Things brings many benefits to organizations and businesses. With the help of IoT, organizations can:
monitor their clicks business processes;
improve customer experience;
save time and money;
increase employee productivity;
Integrate and coordinate business models;
make better business decisions; and finally
earn more money
The Internet of Things encourages companies to rethink their approaches to their business, industry and market and improve their business strategies by benefiting from effective tools.
